Adjustable hesitation blow back operated gun toggle mechanism

ABSTRACT

A toggle action pistol in which an under-center toggle providing a given hesitation is tripped to recede into its handle by the effects of gas pressure generated at the time of firing.

Unite States Patent [191 Perrine [4 1 Jan. 9, 1973 [54] ADJUSTABLEHESITATION BLOW 924,224 6/1909 Epert ..89/189 BACKOPERATEDGUNTOGGLE1:22:22 24:22: 22553 1:222 MECHANISM [76] Inventor: Walter E. Perrine,4228 w. Osborn, FOREGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS Phoenix, Ariz. 85019333,198 2/1921 Germany 89/189 333,662 3/1921 Germany 89/189 [22] F11ed:July 8, 1970 [21] APPL 53,078 Primary Examiner-Stephen C. BentleyAttorney-Warren F. B. Lindsley 52 US. Cl. ..s9/1s9, 42/75 H 57 ABSTRACT[51] Int. Cl ..F4ld 3/02 A to ggle action pistol 11'1 WhlCh anunder-center toggle [58] Flew of Search providing a given hesitation istripped to recede into 89/197; 42/75 3 its handle by the effects of gaspressure generated at the time of firing. [56] References Cited 6Claims, 6 Drawing Figures UNITED STATES PATENTS 317,162 5/1885 Maxim..89/189 25 I 39 12v zg fi i 'r 4 9 f 5 i) 3 I I 374 55 I a 4a 22 19 35172 29 h: 54 "m I 40 t 37 42 I 6' t t 1 21 1 5a \49 1| In y I t i 2 12""3? 1 w 11 14 It 45 1a 44 PAIENTEBm 9 ma SHEET 1 BF 2 I N VE NTOR. 144: 755 T/Qs'lee/A/E ATTORNEY PATENTEDJAN ems 3.709.091

SHEET 2 OF 2 INVENTOR.

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ATTORNEY ADJUSTABLE HESITATION BLOW BACK OPERATED GUN TOGGLE MECHANISMBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention pertains to toggle actionweapons, and is particularly directed to means for causing a blow backtoggle to hesitate before being tripped to recede into the handle of thepistol by gas pressure generated at the time offiring.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention is particularly directed to toggleaction weapons such as pistols wherein the toggle is tripped from anunder-center locked position by gas pressure from the gun barrel whenthe gun is fired. The toggle after a predetermined hesitation is causedto recess into the handle of the pistol to offset the effects of firingrecoil.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART Heretofore, the majority of all toggleactuated weapons of this class have been recoil operated, thus lendingtheir complexity to a degree of inefficiency that was not acceptable tothe public or to the military market. Further, all prior small hand-heldweapons, pistols, revolvers and submachine guns have been limited to theuse of small, low energy pistol ammunition, and were limited as to size,weight, chamber pressure and velocity of the projectile.

In accordance with the invention claimed a new and improved toggleaction weapon is provided which utilizes the gun barrel pressuredirectly to drive an undercenter toggle from its locked position to atripped position. At the time this happens the bullet has left thebarrel of the gun and the residual pressure in the gun after apredetermined hesitation actuates the toggle to its fully retractedposition in the handle of the weapon. Recoil springs in the gun returnthe toggle to a predetermined under'center position which positionaccomplishing the function of a locked over-center position.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is, therefore, one object of this inventionto provide an improved weapon in which gas pressure generated in a gunbarrel is utilized directly to trip an under-center toggle causing it torecede to a retracted position.

Another object of this invention is to provide an improved weapon havinga predetermined hesitation before being tripped to cause it to recede toa retracted position.

A further object of this invention is to provide a new and improvedtoggle actuated weapon employing means for adjustably positioning thegun barrel to compensatc for various under-center locked positions ofthe toggle capable of firing rifle cartridges with safety.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a weapon with atoggle design such that there is only one point of contact in the movingparts going rearward and one point of contact in the moving partsreturning to their original position, so as to make the operation of thegun completely silent.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a weapon havingan under-center toggle tripped by pressure generated in the gun barrelwhich controls the breech pressure at the time of opening so as toeliminate or greatly reduce residual pressure at the time the breechopens.

A still further object of this invention is to provide an adjustablypositioned under-center toggle for a weapon that employs a predeterminedhesitation before being tripped and is dynamically balanced so as toaccomplish a smooth, consistant, and continuous pressure through out themovement of the bolt after tripping in which the line of force from themoving parts is directed to the palm of the hand thereby virtuallyeliminating all noticeable recoil.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent asthe following description proceeds I and the features of novelty whichcharacterizes this invention will be pointed out with particularity inthe claims annexed to and forming a part of this specification.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIG. 1 is a right hand side elevationofa gas operated toggle action weapon incorporating the features of thisinvention;

FIG. 2 is a cross sectional side elevation taken on the line 2 2 of FIG.1 showing a gas operated toggle action weapon incorporating the featuresof this invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view on the line 3 3 of FIG.2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross sectional view of the weapon shown in FIG. 2taken along the line 4 4;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 5 5of FIG. 2; and

FIG. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 6 6of FIG. 2.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT FIGS. 1 6 illustrate an exampleof one embodiment of this invention. For more details of the gunillustrated, reference is made to US. Pat. No. 3,630,] 19 issued Dec.28, l97l, entitled GAS OPERATED TOG- GLE FOR GUN by the same inventor ofthis application. More particularly FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate a pistolhaving a frame 10, and a handle 11, a trigger 12 with trigger guard 13,and bullet magazine 14. A demountable adjustably positioned barrel 15has a rear end diameter portion 16 which is received in thesemi-circular bore 18 and groove 19 in the front end of the frame 10. Anelongated clamp 20 is pivotally mounted on a suitable hinge screw 21secured in the frame 10 so that the clamp 20 can swing outwardly asshown in FIG. 2 to the broken line position 20a. Reference is made tothe copending application for more detail of this structure. The outerend of the clamp 20 is provided with a mating semi-circular bore andgroove to match bore 18 and groove 19 to grip the diameter portion 16 tosecure the gun barrel 15 in firing position on the frame 10. In order toadjustably position the gun barrel l6 longitudinally of its longitudinalaxis the rear end portion 16 of the gun barrel 15 is provided with aradially disposed flange or dogs 17 which are threaded around the gunbarrel. The outer end of clamp 20 is also provided with a mating groove21 for receiving the flange 17. The surface of barrel adjacent the outerend of clamp is provided with a plurality of serrations 22 extendinglongitudinally of the barrel to form a ratchet type wheel arrangementaround the barrel. A pawl 23 is mounted in clamp 20 adjacent theserrations 22 so as to engage the serrations to control the longitudinalmovement of the gun barrel in either direction. The clamp is secured inclosed position by suitable screws 25 in the frame 10.

The bullet magazine 14 is demountably secured by the usual releasablelatch in the guide sleeve 27 of the frame 10 to feed the bullets 28 intoinsertion and firing position by the usual bolt 29 which moves on theguide keys 30 in appropriate guide slots 31 and 32 in the frame 10 andclamp 20 longitudinally of the breech opening 33 of the rear end of thebarrel 15. The rear end of the bolt 29 is pivotally connected by a pivotpin 34 carried in the front end of the front link 35, the rear end ofwhich is pivotally connected by a pivot pin 36 to the front end of therear link 37, in turn pivotally connected by a pivot pin 38 carried inthe rear portion of the frame 10 to thus provide a toggle 37 forcontrolling the movement of the bolt 29.

Normally, when the bullet 28 has been loaded in the barrel in firingposition, the toggle 35 37 is aligned, as shown in full line in FIG. 1,with the top surface 37a up against an adjustable locating abutmentmeans 39 threadly mounted in frame 10 at which time the axis 40 of pin36 is slightly below a line between the axes 41 and 42 of pins 34 and 38so that the toggle 35 37 is in an under-center locked position as shownin full line in FIG. 1. A compression spring 44 is carried on a push rod45 slidingly supported in a clearance hole 46 in a baffle 47 in thehandle 11 and pivotally connected by a pin 48 to the link 37, thecompression spring 44 operating between the baffle 47 and a flange 49 ofthe push rod 45 to normally yieldingly hold the toggle 35 37 againstadjustment means 39 in under-center locked firing position of the gun.

The toggle 35 37 is tripped from under-center locked position by gaspressure from the gun barrel when the gun is fired.

In accordance with the invention claimed the adjustment locating means39 comprises an adjustment screw which makes it possible to hold thetoggle 35 37 in one of a number of under-center toggle positions and tohold that position until gas pressure from the firing of the gun causesthe toggle to recede into the handle. in order to provide a desiredhesitation in the receding of the toggle into the handle of the gun apair of spring biased fingers 50 and 51, shown in FIGS. 2 and 6 areprovided. These fingers are resilient in nature so that upon theapplication ofa given force the toggle arm 37 will over come the bias ofthe fingers and force them back against their spring biasing means 52and 53 (as shown) and recede into handle 11. When the toggle isreturning to its full position shown in FIG. 2 from its broken positionin handle 11 the bias of spring 44 will be enough to over come the biasof spring 52 and 53 of fingers 50 and 51, respectively. Thus the springbiased fingers 50 and 51 together with the under-center toggle providethe desired hesitation before collapse of the toggle to provide a smoothshock absorbing action of the force of the exploding bullet.

Although the figures of the drawing illustrate the under-center toggleoperating together with the adjustable locating abutment means 39 andthe spring biased fingers 50 and 51 it should be noted that theundercenter toggle may be made to assume a given undercenter positioneach time without the need of the abutment means 39 and the fingers 50and 51.

As shown in the drawings a compression spring 61 is arranged between ashoulder 62, formed around a bore 63 defined in a protruding lug 64 ofbolt 29 and a ridge 62a formed in a bore 65 defined by frame 10 andclamp 20. Lug 64 is shown as being integral with bolt 29.

At the time bullet 28 is fired and leaves the barrel l5 and is on itsway to its target residual pressure existing in a chamber 58 will drivebolt 29 backwards with sufficient force to complete the travel of thetoggle mechanism 35 37 sufficient to move the center pin 36 and force itto complete its downward travel along the arcuate path 59 to its lowestpoint 60 down inside the handle 11 of the gun against the bias ofcompressing spring 44.

The inertia of the bolt 29 continues rearwardly com pressing the recoilcompression spring 61 until the end of the lug 64 engages a stop surface67 of the frame 10. The bolt 29 and toggle 35 37 are returned to theiroriginal positions by the stored-up energy in the two springs 44 and 61.This completes the firing cycle and prepares the gun for the secondfiring, having picked up an additional bullet 28 from the clip magazineand placed it in the chamber when the bolt returned to its originalposition by well known conventional mechanism.

In order to trip the toggle 35 37 to load the first bullet into the guna manual lever 70 is provided on the gun which when rotated by theoperator clockwise against the action of spring 71 contacts theundercenter toggle 35 37 causing it to trip far enough to allow theoperator to move the bolt 29 back sufficiently to allow a bullet 28 fromthe clip magazine 14 to enter the chamber of the gun for the firstfiring action. Upon collapse of the toggle, bolt 29 is moved rearwardlyby the operator pulling on rod 72.

Although but one embodiment of the invention has been shown and claimedit will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes andmodifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit ofthe invention or from the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. A toggle action gun comprising a frame, a handle on the frame, ahollow barrel having a firing chamber, a bolt movable in the frameaxially to and from the firing chamber of the gun barrel, a toggleinterconnected between the bolt and the frame, said toggle comprising apair of pivotally connected links, the free end of one of the said linksbeing pivotally connected to said bolt and the free end of the other ofsaid links being pivotally connected to said frame, said toggle beingmovable to an under-center hesitation locked position slightly below aline between the pivotal connection of the toggle on the bolt and on theframe, and an adjustment means mounted on said frame immediatelyadjacent said under-center toggle for controlling the posi' tion of saidunder-center toggle to provide predetermined hesitation of the collapseof said toggle from its locked position, said adjustment meanscomprising biasing fingers mounted on the frame for holding said toggleto a given under-center position prior to firing of the gun.

2. A toggle action gun as in claim 1 wherein a rachet means is providedon the frame and the barrel for actuating the barrel in the framelongitudinally of the gun to compensate for different under-centerpositions of the toggle.

3. A toggle action gun as in claim 1 wherein said adjustment meanscomprises a bolt threadedly mounted in the frame and extending over theunder-center toggle for controlling in a number of possible positionsthe under-center lock position of the toggle.

4. A toggle action gun as in claim 1 wherein said adjustment meanscomprises a threadedly mounted means in the frame for engaging thetoggle for preventing it from moving to over center position."

5. A toggle action gun comprising a frame, a handle on the frame, ahollow barrel having a firing chamber, a bolt moveable in the frameaxially to and from the firing chamber of the gun barrel, a toggleinterconnected between the bolt and the frame, said toggle comprising apair of pivotally connected links, the free end of one of the said linksbeing pivotally connected to said bolt and the free end of the other ofsaid links being pivotally connected to said frame, said toggle beingmovable to an under-center hesitation locked position slightly below aline between the pivotal connection of the toggle on the bolt and on theframe, and an adjustment means mounted on said frame immediatelyadjacent said under-center toggle for controlling the position of saidunder-center toggle to provide predetermined hesitation of the collapseof said toggle from its locked position, said adjustment meanscomprising a bolt threadedly mounted in the frame and extending over theundercenter toggle for controlling in a number of possible positions theunder-center lock position of the toggle.

6. A toggle action gun comprising a frame, a handle on the frame, ahollow barrel having a firing chamber, a bolt movable in the frameaxially to and from the firing chamber of the gun barrel, a toggleinterconnected between the bolt and the frame, said toggle comprising apair of pivotally connected links, the free end of one of the said linksbeing pivotally connected to said bolt and the free end of the other ofsaid links being pivotally connected to said frame, said toggle beingmovable to an under-center hesitation locked position slightly below aline between the pivotal connection of the toggle on the bolt and on theframe, and an adjustment means mounted on said frame immediatelyadjacent said under-center toggle for controlling the position of saidunder-center toggle to provide predetermined hesitation of the collapseof said toggle from its locked position, said adjustment meanscomprising a threadedly mounted means in the frame for engaging thetoggle for preventing it from moving to 0vercenter position.

1. A toggle action gun comprising a frame, a handle on the frame, a hollow barrel having a firing chamber, a bolt movable in the frame axially to and from the firing chamber of the gun barrel, a toggle interconnected between the bolt and the frame, said toggle comprising a pair of pivotally connected links, the free end of one of the said links being pivotally connected to said bolt and the free end of the other of said links being pivotally connected to said frame, said toggle being movable to an under-center hesitation locked position slightly below a line between the pivotal connection of the toggle on the bolt and on the frame, and an adjustment means mounted on said frame immediately adjacent said under-center toggle for controlling the position of said under-center toggle to provide predetermined hesitation of the collapse of said toggle from its locked position, said adjustment means comprising biasing fingers mounted on the frame for holding said toggle to a given undercenter position prior to firing of the gun.
 2. A toggle action gun as in claim 1 wherein a rachet means is provided on the frame and the barrel for actuating the barrel in the frame longitudinally of the gun to compensate for different under-center positions of the toggle.
 3. A toggle action gun as in claim 1 wherein said adjustment means comprises a bolt threadedly mounted in the frame and extending over the under-center toggle for controlling in a number of possible positions the under-center lock position of the toggle.
 4. A toggle action gun as in claim 1 wherein said adjustment means comprises a threadedly mounted means in the frame for engaging the toggle for preventing it from moving to over center position.
 5. A toggle action gun comprising a frame, a handle on the frame, a hollow barrel having a firing chamber, a bolt moveable in the frame axially to and from the firing chamber of the gun barrel, a toggle interconnected between the bolt and the frame, said toggle comprising a pair of pivotally connected links, the free end of one of the said links being pivotally connected to said bolt and the free end of the other of said links being pivotally connected to said frame, said toggle being movable to an under-center hesitation locked position slightly below a line between the pivotal connection of the toggle on the bolt and on the frame, and an adjustment means mounted on said frame immediately adjacent said under-center toggle for controlling the position of said under-center toggle to provide predetermined hesitation of the collapse of said toggle from its locked position, said adjustment means comprising a bolt threadedly mounted in the frame and extending over the undercenter toggle for controlling in a number of possible positions the under-center lock position of the toggle.
 6. A toggle action gun comprising a frame, a handle on the frame, a hollow barrel having a firing chamber, a bolt movable in the frame axially to and from the firing chamber of the gun barrel, a toggle interconnected between the bolt and the frame, said toggle comprising a pair of pivotally connected links, the free end of one of the said links being pivotally connected to said bolt and the free end of the other of said links being pivotally connected to said frame, said toggle being movable to an under-center hesitation locked position slightly below a line between the pivotal connection of the toggle On the bolt and on the frame, and an adjustment means mounted on said frame immediately adjacent said under-center toggle for controlling the position of said under-center toggle to provide predetermined hesitation of the collapse of said toggle from its locked position, said adjustment means comprising a threadedly mounted means in the frame for engaging the toggle for preventing it from moving to over-center position. 